Factbox: Noncitizen Voters Are a Rarity in US Elections, State and Private Reviews Indicate By Reuters

Donald Trump and various Republican leaders have raised concerns that noncitizens might cast votes in significant numbers during the presidential election on November 5, potentially benefiting Democratic candidate Kamala Harris. However, documented cases of noncitizen voting in recent U.S. elections are rare.

Here’s a summary of findings from state officials and independent researchers on this issue:

Brennan Center for Justice
The Brennan Center, a left-leaning organization, discovered 30 instances of noncitizen voting among 23.5 million votes analyzed from the 2016 election.

Heritage Foundation
The Heritage Foundation, known for its conservative stance, reported 24 cases of noncitizens voting in U.S. elections from 2003 to 2023.

Alabama
In August, Alabama announced plans to inactivate 3,251 registered voters suspected of being noncitizens. However, the U.S. Department of Justice has identified at least 717 of those individuals as citizens and has filed a lawsuit to halt this removal action. The state has a total of 3.8 million voters.

Arizona
Officials in Arizona indicated that 218,000 registered voters lack proof of citizenship on file, rendering them ineligible for state and local elections. Many of these voters have lived in the state for decades, and the Secretary of State attributed this situation to administrative errors. The state’s highest court ruled that they can vote in all races on November 5. Arizona has 4.1 million registered voters.

Florida
Since 2022, Florida has prosecuted two individuals for voting as noncitizens. The state has approximately 13.5 million registered voters.

Georgia
In March, Georgia reported uncovering 1,634 noncitizens who attempted to register but were unsuccessful. The state has 7 million registered voters.

Kansas
A court case in 2018 revealed that 39 noncitizens registered to vote from 1999 to 2013 out of approximately 1.8 million registered voters.

Louisiana
Louisiana’s Secretary of State announced that 48 noncitizens have been removed from its voting list since 2022, with the state having 3 million registered voters.

Nevada
In 2017, Nevada found that three noncitizens voted in the 2016 election, out of more than 1 million ballots cast.

North Carolina
Officials reported that nine registered voters identified themselves as noncitizens when summoned for jury duty. The state has about 7.7 million registered voters, with a review from 2017 revealing that 41 noncitizens voted in the 2016 election.

Ohio
As of August, Ohio identified 597 noncitizens who registered to vote out of 8 million registered voters, including 138 who appear to have cast ballots.

Oregon
In September, Oregon found nine voters who cast ballots without proving their citizenship, along with another 1,259 who registered but did not vote, from a total of 3 million registered voters. The state indicated that these issues stemmed from administrative errors.

Virginia
Virginia reported in August that it had removed 6,303 noncitizens from its voting list since 2022. The state has 6.3 million registered voters.